Concerned about the anti-monopoly law enforcement agency jurisdiction overlap

"How are three different law enforcement agencies to ensure coherence between, will be China's Anti-Monopoly Committee of the biggest challenges." As a Chinese American Chamber of Commerce President, 瑭瑰鏂悏鑾?Man has once again on China's "anti-monopoly law," the implementation of the published their point of view.

Sitting in the office of Beijing China Resources Building, Jimo Man this time, the "anti-monopoly law," the evaluation of more praise. Positive tone, he said, the implementation of anti-monopoly law will help China build up to its name in the market economy, "We welcome the implementation of the law." Jimo Man's views on anti-monopoly law and many domestic experts in almost exactly the same, they all believe in this law for the Chinese the importance of establishing a market economic system. But two years ago, Jimo Man on the draft anti-monopoly law at the time or the views of a stomach, for example, he had doubts as to the specific market share as a company have a dominant market determined whether the standard is reasonable?

"We very much appreciate the Chinese government in the formulation of national competition policy, can take these to the foreign anti-monopoly law enforcement departments, professional lawyers and industry groups for advice." Ji Moman said. After 7 years, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to China's "anti-monopoly law" to develop institutions to convey the concerns of member companies and their own views.

Jimo Man is also a lawyer, he said that the Chinese anti-monopoly law is only a first step, there are many problems through the implementation of rules and operational guidelines to clear, such as competition and based on the dual grounds of national security review process transactions rules, the definition of abuse of intellectual property and standards, and so on. Sino-US dialogue on anti-monopoly law enforcement needs

"21st Century": Last month, you start a conference on anti-monopoly law enforcement training and technical assistance programs, mainly for the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials. Can a brief overview of the project situation?

Jimo Man: This project is supported by several U.S. government agencies began to operate, including the Trade Development Department, the Trade Representative Office, the Ministry of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, Ministry of Commerce, and China and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce U.S. Chamber of Commerce, represented by private institutions.

This project aid from the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), American Chamber of Commerce is responsible only for the organization and coordination of course, involved in the project mainly from the Chinese and U.S. officials. In China, the Ministry of Commerce, SAIC, the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council Legislative Affairs Office and other agencies are involved, mainly from the Ministry of Commerce officials. The United States, mainly from the Ministry of Justice officials. This is a Deputy Director-level official dialogue.

"21st Century": Start on the eve of anti-monopoly law in China, why the U.S. should start such a project?

Jimo Man: This is to enhance China-US dialogue and cooperation between the antitrust part of the effort made. This project will provide the U.S. government and industry participants with Chinese officials to provide a broad platform to the drafting of a transparent manner, formulate the implementation details of anti-monopoly law, the public have the opportunity to comment on the proposed rules to make the Regulations more in line with market discipline, thus the companies operating in China to improve the competitive environment.

For Americans, the benefits of this project is for U.S. officials and business people with the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials the opportunity for direct communication. China's officials, the greatest value of this project is to provide them a learning platform that can draw a useful U.S. antitrust enforcement experience.

This project is very technical, because the anti-monopoly law enforcement itself is a very technical job. Such as how to identify monopolistic behavior, how to provide relief to the victims, how to split a company constitute a monopoly, and so on. From the curriculum point of view, M & A review of the content is of interest to Chinese officials.

The project will also train Chinese officials and help them understand how to make anti-trust provisions and the final implementation of the rules could be best used to promote competition to ensure fairness to all market participants.

Cross-sector review should be efficient

"21st century": implementation of the anti-monopoly law in the process of training programs, training of Chinese officials are most concerned about?

Jimo Man: Chinese officials the biggest puzzle is how to actually make the law operational. You know, China's anti-monopoly committee recently set up a lot of things waiting for them to complete. They must ensure that this law can be highly feasible. For example, they are concerned about the three anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies, coordination of the internal division of labor, they know the need to ensure coherence between sectors, or the implementation of anti-monopoly law could not succeed.

"21st Century": Do you think the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to cooperate where possible problems?

Jimo Man: from the current view of their division of labor, price fixing under the jurisdiction of NDRC, SAIC is responsible for monitoring the abuse of dominant market position, the Commerce Department responsible for the review of concentration of business operators, and in the above three institutions is State Anti-Monopoly Committee is responsible for co-ordination. View from the current division of labor may occur in some areas of overlapping jurisdiction between law enforcement agencies the situation.

In my opinion, most likely overlapping jurisdiction of the Ministry of Commerce and Business Administration. Abuse of dominant market position means that a company has a majority market share, while the operators are two companies focused on mergers and acquisitions, which often result in the new company has a dominant market position.

Therefore, the director of the Antimonopoly Committee of China will face challenges. He must coordinate the work of the three law enforcement agencies to ensure cross-sector antitrust review could efficiently.

"21st Century": that in this training program, Chinese officials were then able to learn what aspects of the experience this?

Jimo Man: The United States also has two anti-trust laws of the implementing agencies, namely the Federal Trade Commission and the Justice Department. Federal Trade Commission more attention to the field of civil law enforcement, the Justice Department is mainly responsible for the criminal jurisdiction of antitrust. Therefore, China's system somewhat similar to the United States Foreign Investment Review Board, in this committee is to assume different functions of the following government departments, including the Ministry of Commerce, the Department of Energy, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Labour and so on.

According to Foreign Investment Review Board of operating experience, the responsibilities between different departments if there is no cross, it will operate smoothly. But now, the Chinese Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur. "Intellectual property abuse" provisions need to be refined

"21st Century": Anti 55th Article of the operator shall not abuse of intellectual property, eliminate or restrict competition. It is said many multinational companies are very concerned about this article?

Jimo Man: anti-monopoly law is only one provision on the abuse of intellectual property rights, our members need more details. Law must be clear what is "abuse" because the nature of intellectual property is a monopoly, it was willing to invest in technological innovation, that is, they can monopolize the intellectual property in a certain period of time, otherwise, who are willing to invest?

United States antitrust laws, and no such provision, because it belongs to the contents of patent law. But does the United States patent law also provides for the prohibition of which the abuse of intellectual property rights provisions, the United States has accumulated a lot of jurisprudence in this area, formed on the "abuse" determine the complete system. We look forward to more of China's legislative rules or judicial interpretation issued.

"21st Century": the body should be responsible for the abuse of intellectual property rights of review?

Jimo Man: This is one of our greatest confusion. I am told, is the intellectual property by the court or the State Intellectual Property Office is responsible for court, but they are all placed outside the National Anti-Monopoly Committee. We think that will be responsible for review of abuse of intellectual property rights into the national law enforcement agencies within the framework of the Antimonopoly Committee may be more reasonable.

"21st Century": the members of your business whether antitrust concerns about the implementation?

Jimo Man: I think our member companies do not worry about it. Because almost all of the companies have extensive global operations experience. Conduct their business has been proven to meet the interests of consumers in most countries, has withstood the test of the legal system in many countries. Therefore, we believe our business conduct is regulated.

Of course, we are very concerned about the legal obligations under anti-monopoly law in China and Europe and the United States by different laws, whether, if so, then we do need to change some of the traditional business behavior.

China Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur.

Interview people

Reporter Chen Shanzhe

ZHANG Man from Beijing's practice

"How are three different law enforcement agencies to ensure coherence between, will be China's Anti-Monopoly Committee of the biggest challenges." As a Chinese American Chamber of Commerce President, 瑭瑰鏂悏鑾?Man has once again on China's "anti-monopoly law," the implementation of the published their point of view.

Sitting in the office of Beijing China Resources Building, Jimo Man this time, the "anti-monopoly law," the evaluation of more praise. Positive tone, he said, the implementation of anti-monopoly law will help China build up to its name in the market economy, "We welcome the law implement." Jimo Man's views on anti-monopoly law and many domestic experts in almost exactly the same, they all believe in this law for the Chinese the importance of establishing a market economic system. But two years ago, Jimo Man on the draft anti-monopoly law at the time or the views of a stomach, for example, he had doubts as to the specific market share as a company have a dominant market determined whether the standard is reasonable?

"We very much appreciate the Chinese government in the formulation of national competition policy, can take these to the foreign anti-monopoly law enforcement departments, professional lawyers and industry groups for advice." Ji Moman said. After 7 years, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to China's "anti-monopoly law" to develop institutions to convey the concerns of member companies and their own views.

Jimo Man is also a lawyer, he said that the Chinese anti-monopoly law is only a first step, there are many problems through the implementation of rules and operational guidelines to clear, such as competition and based on the dual grounds of national security review process transactions rules, the definition of abuse of intellectual property and standards, and so on. Sino-US dialogue on anti-monopoly law enforcement needs

"21st Century": Last month, you start a conference on anti-monopoly law enforcement training and technical assistance programs, mainly for the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials. Can a brief overview of the project situation?

Jimo Man: This project is supported by several U.S. government agencies began to operate, including the Trade Development Department, the Trade Representative Office, the Ministry of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, Ministry of Commerce, and China and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce U.S. Chamber of Commerce, represented by private institutions.

This project aid from the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), American Chamber of Commerce is responsible only for the organization and coordination of course, involved in the project mainly from the Chinese and U.S. officials. In China, the Ministry of Commerce, SAIC, the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council Legislative Affairs Office and other agencies are involved, mainly from the Ministry of Commerce officials. The United States, mainly from the Ministry of Justice officials. This is a Deputy Director-level official dialogue.

"21st Century": Start on the eve of anti-monopoly law in China, why the U.S. should start such a project?

Jimo Man: This is to enhance China-US dialogue and cooperation between the antitrust part of the effort made. This project will provide the U.S. government and industry participants with Chinese officials to provide a broad platform to the drafting of a transparent manner, formulate the implementation details of anti-monopoly law, the public have the opportunity to comment on the proposed rules to make the Regulations more in line with market discipline, thus the companies operating in China to improve the competitive environment.

For Americans, the benefits of this project is for U.S. officials and business people with the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials the opportunity for direct communication. China's officials, the greatest value of this project is to provide them a learning platform that can draw a useful U.S. antitrust enforcement experience.

This project is very technical, because the anti-monopoly law enforcement itself is a very technical job. Such as how to identify monopolistic behavior, how to provide relief to the victims, how to split a company constitute a monopoly, and so on. From the curriculum point of view, M & A review of the content is of interest to Chinese officials.

The project will also train Chinese officials and help them understand how to make anti-trust provisions and the final implementation of the rules could be best used to promote competition to ensure fairness to all market participants.

Cross-sector review should be efficient

"21st century": implementation of the anti-monopoly law in the process of training programs, training of Chinese officials are most concerned about?

Jimo Man: Chinese officials the biggest puzzle is how to actually make the law operational. You know, China's anti-monopoly committee recently set up a lot of things waiting for them to complete. They must ensure that this law can be highly feasible. For example, they are concerned about the three anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies, coordination of the internal division of labor, they know the need to ensure coherence between sectors, or the implementation of anti-monopoly law could not succeed.

"21st Century": Do you think the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to cooperate where possible problems?

Jimo Man: from the current view of their division of labor, price fixing under the jurisdiction of NDRC, SAIC is responsible for monitoring the abuse of dominant market position, the Commerce Department responsible for the review of concentration of business operators, and in the above three institutions is State Anti-Monopoly Committee is responsible for co-ordination. View from the current division of labor may occur in some areas of overlapping jurisdiction between law enforcement agencies the situation.

In my opinion, most likely overlapping jurisdiction of the Ministry of Commerce and Business Administration. Abuse of dominant market position means that a company has a majority market share, while the operators are two companies focused on mergers and acquisitions, which often result in the new company has a dominant market position.

Therefore, the director of the Antimonopoly Committee of China will face challenges. He must coordinate the work of the three law enforcement agencies to ensure cross-sector antitrust review could efficiently.

"21st Century": that in this training program, Chinese officials were then able to learn what aspects of the experience this?

Jimo Man: The United States also has two anti-trust laws of the implementing agencies, namely the Federal Trade Commission and the Justice Department. Federal Trade Commission more attention to the field of civil law enforcement, the Justice Department is mainly responsible for the criminal jurisdiction of antitrust. Therefore, China's system somewhat similar to the United States Foreign Investment Review Board, in this committee is to assume different functions of the following government departments, including the Ministry of Commerce, the Department of Energy, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Labour and so on.

According to Foreign Investment Review Board of operating experience, the responsibilities between different departments if there is no cross, it will operate smoothly. But now, the Chinese Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur. "Intellectual property abuse" provisions need to be refined

"21st Century": Anti 55th Article of the operator shall not abuse of intellectual property, eliminate or restrict competition. It is said many multinational companies are very concerned about this article?

Jimo Man: anti-monopoly law is only one provision on the abuse of intellectual property rights, our members need more details. Law must be clear what is "abuse" because the nature of intellectual property is a monopoly, it was willing to invest in technological innovation, that is, they can monopolize the intellectual property in a certain period of time, otherwise, who are willing to invest?

United States antitrust laws, and no such provision, because it belongs to the contents of patent law. But does the United States patent law also provides for the prohibition of which the abuse of intellectual property rights provisions, the United States has accumulated a lot of jurisprudence in this area, formed on the "abuse" determine the complete system. We look forward to more of China's legislative rules or judicial interpretation issued.

"21st Century": the body should be responsible for the abuse of intellectual property rights of review?

Jimo Man: This is one of our greatest confusion. I am told, is the intellectual property by the court or the State Intellectual Property Office is responsible for court, but they are all placed outside the National Anti-Monopoly Committee. We think that will be responsible for review of abuse of intellectual property rights into the national law enforcement agencies within the framework of the Antimonopoly Committee may be more reasonable.

"21st Century": the members of your business whether antitrust concerns about the implementation?

Jimo Man: I think our member companies do not worry about it. Because almost all of the companies have extensive global operations experience. Conduct their business has been proven to meet the interests of consumers in most countries, has withstood the test of the legal system in many countries. Therefore, we believe our business conduct is regulated.

Of course, we are very concerned about the legal obligations under anti-monopoly law in China and Europe and the United States by different laws, whether, if so, then we do need to change some of the traditional business behavior.

China Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur.

Interview people

Reporter Chen Shanzhe

ZHANG Man from Beijing's practice

"How are three different law enforcement agencies to ensure coherence between, will be China's Anti-Monopoly Committee of the biggest challenges." As a Chinese American Chamber of Commerce President, 瑭瑰鏂悏鑾?Man has once again on China's "anti-monopoly law," the implementation of the published their point of view.

Sitting in the office of Beijing China Resources Building, Jimo Man this time, the "anti-monopoly law," the evaluation of more praise. Positive tone, he said, the implementation of anti-monopoly law will help China build up to its name in the market economy, "We welcome the implementation of the law." Jimo Man's views on anti-monopoly law and many domestic experts in almost exactly the same, they all believe in this law for the Chinese the importance of establishing a market economic system. But two years ago, Jimo Man on the draft anti-monopoly law at the time or the views of a stomach, for example, he had doubts as to the specific market share as a company have a dominant market determined whether the standard is reasonable?

"We very much appreciate the Chinese government in the formulation of national competition policy, can take these to the foreign anti-monopoly law enforcement departments, professional lawyers and industry groups for advice." Ji Moman said. After 7 years, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to China's "anti-monopoly law" to develop institutions to convey the concerns of member companies and their own views.

Jimo Man is also a lawyer, he said, China anti-monopoly law is only a first step, there are many problems through the implementation of rules and operational guidelines to clear, such as competition and based on the dual grounds of national security review process transactions rules, the definition of abuse of intellectual property and standards, and so on. Sino-US dialogue on anti-monopoly law enforcement needs

"21st Century": Last month, you start a conference on anti-monopoly law enforcement training and technical assistance programs, mainly for the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials. Can a brief overview of the project situation?

Jimo Man: This project is supported by several U.S. government agencies began to operate, including the Trade Development Department, the Trade Representative Office, the Ministry of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, Ministry of Commerce, and China and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce U.S. Chamber of Commerce, represented by private institutions.

This project aid from the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), American Chamber of Commerce is responsible only for the organization and coordination of course, involved in the project mainly from the Chinese and U.S. officials. In China, the Ministry of Commerce, SAIC, the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council Legislative Affairs Office and other agencies are involved, mainly from the Ministry of Commerce officials. The United States, mainly from the Ministry of Justice officials. This is a Deputy Director-level official dialogue.

"21st Century": Start on the eve of anti-monopoly law in China, why the U.S. should start such a project?

Jimo Man: This is to enhance China-US dialogue and cooperation between the antitrust part of the effort made. This project will provide the U.S. government and industry participants with Chinese officials to provide a broad platform to the drafting of a transparent manner, formulate the implementation details of anti-monopoly law, the public have the opportunity to comment on the proposed rules to make the Regulations more in line with market discipline, thus the companies operating in China to improve the competitive environment.

For Americans, the benefits of this project is for U.S. officials and business people with the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials the opportunity for direct communication. China's officials, the greatest value of this project is to provide them a learning platform that can draw a useful U.S. antitrust enforcement experience.

This project is very technical, because the anti-monopoly law enforcement itself is a very technical job. Such as how to identify monopolistic behavior, how to provide relief to the victims, how to split a company constitute a monopoly, and so on. From the curriculum point of view, M & A review of the content is of interest to Chinese officials.

The project will also train Chinese officials and help them understand how to make anti-trust provisions and the final implementation of the rules could be best used to promote competition to ensure fairness to all market participants.

Cross-sector review should be efficient

"21st century": implementation of the anti-monopoly law in the process of training programs, training of Chinese officials are most concerned about?

Jimo Man: Chinese officials the biggest puzzle is how to actually make the law operational. You know, China's anti-monopoly committee recently set up a lot of things waiting for them to complete. They must ensure that this law can be highly feasible. For example, they are concerned about the three anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies, coordination of the internal division of labor, they know the need to ensure coherence between sectors, or the implementation of anti-monopoly law could not succeed.

"21st Century": Do you think the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to cooperate where possible problems?

Jimo Man: from the current view of their division of labor, price fixing under the jurisdiction of NDRC, SAIC is responsible for monitoring the abuse of dominant market position, the Commerce Department responsible for the review of concentration of business operators, and in the above three institutions is State Anti-Monopoly Committee is responsible for co-ordination. View from the current division of labor may occur in some areas of overlapping jurisdiction between law enforcement agencies the situation.

In my opinion, most likely overlapping jurisdiction of the Ministry of Commerce and Business Administration. Abuse of dominant market position means that a company has a majority market share, while the operators are two companies focused on mergers and acquisitions, which often result in the new company has a dominant market position.

Therefore, the director of the Antimonopoly Committee of China will face challenges. He must coordinate the work of the three law enforcement agencies to ensure cross-sector antitrust review could efficiently.

"21st Century": that in this training program, Chinese officials were then able to learn what aspects of the experience this?

Jimo Man: The United States also has two anti-trust laws of the implementing agencies, namely the Federal Trade Commission and the Justice Department. Federal Trade Commission more attention to the field of civil law enforcement, the Justice Department is mainly responsible for the criminal jurisdiction of antitrust. Therefore, China's system somewhat similar to the United States Foreign Investment Review Board, in this committee is to assume different functions of the following government departments, including the Ministry of Commerce, the Department of Energy, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Labour and so on.

According to Foreign Investment Review Board of operating experience, the responsibilities between different departments if there is no cross, it will operate smoothly. But now, the Chinese Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur. "Intellectual property abuse" provisions need to be refined

"21st Century": Anti 55th Article of the operator shall not abuse of intellectual property, eliminate or restrict competition. It is said many multinational companies are very concerned about this article?

Jimo Man: anti-monopoly law is only one provision on the abuse of intellectual property rights, our members need more details. Law must be clear what is "abuse" because the nature of intellectual property is a monopoly, it was willing to invest in technological innovation, that is, they can monopolize the intellectual property in a certain period of time, otherwise, who are willing to invest?

United States antitrust laws, and no such provision, because it belongs to the contents of patent law. But does the United States patent law also provides for the prohibition of which the abuse of intellectual property rights provisions, the United States has accumulated a lot of jurisprudence in this area, formed on the "abuse" determine the complete system. We look forward to more of China's legislative rules or judicial interpretation issued.

"21st Century": the body should be responsible for the abuse of intellectual property rights of review?

Jimo Man: This is one of our greatest confusion. I am told, is the intellectual property by the court or the State Intellectual Property Office is responsible for court, but they are all placed outside the National Anti-Monopoly Committee. We think that will be responsible for review of abuse of intellectual property rights into the national law enforcement agencies within the framework of the Antimonopoly Committee may be more reasonable.

"21st Century": the members of your business whether antitrust concerns about the implementation?

Jimo Man: I think our member companies do not worry about it. Because almost all of the companies have extensive global operations experience. Conduct their business has been proven to meet the interests of consumers in most countries, has withstood the test of the legal system in many countries. Therefore, we believe our business conduct is regulated.

Of course, we are very concerned about the legal obligations under anti-monopoly law in China and Europe and the United States by different laws, whether, if so, then we do need to change some of the traditional business behavior.

China Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur.

Interview people

Reporter Chen Shanzhe

ZHANG Man from Beijing's practice

"How are three different law enforcement agencies to ensure coherence between, will be China's Anti-Monopoly Committee of the biggest challenges." As a Chinese American Chamber of Commerce President, 瑭瑰鏂悏鑾?Man has once again on China's "anti-monopoly law," the implementation of the published their point of view.

Sitting in the office of Beijing China Resources Building, Jimo Man this time, the "anti-monopoly law," the evaluation of more praise. Positive tone, he said, the implementation of anti-monopoly law will help China build up to its name in the market economy, "We welcome the implementation of the law." Jimo Man's views on anti-monopoly law and many domestic experts in almost exactly the same, they all believe in this law for the Chinese the importance of establishing a market economic system. But two years ago, Jimo Man on the draft anti-monopoly law at the time or the views of a stomach, for example, he had doubts as to the specific market share as a company have a dominant market determined whether the standard is reasonable?

"We very much appreciate the Chinese government in the formulation of national competition policy, can take these to the foreign anti-monopoly law enforcement departments, professional lawyers and industry groups for advice." Ji Moman said. After 7 years, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to China's "anti-monopoly law" to develop institutions to convey the concerns of member companies and their own views.

Jimo Man is also a lawyer, he said, the introduction of Jin Jin Chinese anti-monopoly law is a first step, there are many problems to be Tongguoshishi rules and operational guidelines to clarify, Biru based competition He Guojiaanquan Shuangchongliyou review process of the Jiao Yi rules, the definition of abuse of intellectual property and standards, and so on. Sino-US dialogue on anti-monopoly law enforcement needs

"21st Century": Last month, you start a conference on anti-monopoly law enforcement training and technical assistance programs, mainly for the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials. Can a brief overview of the project situation?

Jimo Man: This project is supported by several U.S. government agencies began to operate, including the Trade Development Department, the Trade Representative Office, the Ministry of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, Ministry of Commerce, and China and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce U.S. Chamber of Commerce, represented by private institutions.

This project aid from the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), American Chamber of Commerce is responsible only for the organization and coordination of course, involved in the project mainly from the Chinese and U.S. officials. In China, the Ministry of Commerce, SAIC, the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Council Legislative Affairs Office and other agencies are involved, mainly from the Ministry of Commerce officials. The United States, mainly from the Ministry of Justice officials. This is a Deputy Director-level official dialogue.

"21st Century": Start on the eve of anti-monopoly law in China, why the U.S. should start such a project?

Jimo Man: This is to enhance China-US dialogue and cooperation between the antitrust part of the effort made. This project will provide the U.S. government and industry participants with Chinese officials to provide a broad platform to the drafting of a transparent manner, formulate the implementation details of anti-monopoly law, the public have the opportunity to comment on the proposed rules to make the Regulations more in line with market discipline, thus the companies operating in China to improve the competitive environment.

For Americans, the benefits of this project is for U.S. officials and business people with the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement officials the opportunity for direct communication. China's officials, the greatest value of this project is to provide them a learning platform that can draw a useful U.S. antitrust enforcement experience.

This project is very technical, because the anti-monopoly law enforcement itself is a very technical job. Such as how to identify monopolistic behavior, how to provide relief to the victims, how to split a company constitute a monopoly, and so on. From the curriculum point of view, M & A review of the content is of interest to Chinese officials.

The project will also train Chinese officials and help them understand how to make anti-trust provisions and the final implementation of the rules could be best used to promote competition to ensure fairness to all market participants.

Cross-sector review should be efficient

"21st century": implementation of the anti-monopoly law in the process of training programs, training of Chinese officials are most concerned about?

Jimo Man: Chinese officials the biggest puzzle is how to actually make the law operational. You know, China's anti-monopoly committee recently set up a lot of things waiting for them to complete. They must ensure that this law can be highly feasible. For example, they are concerned about the three anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies, coordination of the internal division of labor, they know the need to ensure coherence between sectors, or the implementation of anti-monopoly law could not succeed.

"21st Century": Do you think the Chinese anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to cooperate where possible problems?

Jimo Man: from the current view of their division of labor, price fixing under the jurisdiction of NDRC, SAIC is responsible for monitoring the abuse of dominant market position, the Commerce Department responsible for the review of concentration of business operators, and in the above three institutions is State Anti-Monopoly Committee is responsible for co-ordination. View from the current division of labor may occur in some areas of overlapping jurisdiction between law enforcement agencies the situation.

In my opinion, most likely overlapping jurisdiction of the Ministry of Commerce and Business Administration. Abuse of dominant market position means that a company has a majority market share, while the operators are two companies focused on mergers and acquisitions, which often result in the new company has a dominant market position.

Therefore, the director of the Antimonopoly Committee of China will face challenges. He must coordinate the work of the three law enforcement agencies to ensure cross-sector antitrust review could efficiently.

"21st Century": that in this training program, Chinese officials were then able to learn what aspects of the experience this?

Jimo Man: The United States also has two anti-trust laws of the implementing agencies, namely the Federal Trade Commission and the Justice Department. Federal Trade Commission more attention to the field of civil law enforcement, the Justice Department is mainly responsible for the criminal jurisdiction of antitrust. Therefore, China's system somewhat similar to the United States Foreign Investment Review Board, in this committee is to assume different functions of the following government departments, including the Ministry of Commerce, the Department of Energy, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Labour and so on.

According to Foreign Investment Review Board of operating experience, the responsibilities between different departments if there is no cross, it will operate smoothly. But now, the Chinese Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur. "Intellectual property abuse" provisions need to be refined

"21st Century": Anti 55th Article of the operator shall not abuse of intellectual property, eliminate or restrict competition. It is said many multinational companies are very concerned about this article?

Jimo Man: anti-monopoly law is only one provision on the abuse of intellectual property rights, our members need more details. Law must be clear what is "abuse" because the nature of intellectual property is a monopoly, it was willing to invest in technological innovation, that is, they can monopolize the intellectual property in a certain period of time, otherwise, who are willing to invest?

United States antitrust laws, and no such provision, because it belongs to the contents of patent law. But does the United States patent law also provides for the prohibition of which the abuse of intellectual property rights provisions, the United States has accumulated a lot of jurisprudence in this area, formed on the "abuse" determine the complete system. We look forward to more of China's legislative rules or judicial interpretation issued.

"21st Century": the body should be responsible for the abuse of intellectual property rights of review?

Jimo Man: This is one of our greatest confusion. I am told, is the intellectual property by the court or the State Intellectual Property Office is responsible for court, but they are all placed outside the National Anti-Monopoly Committee. We think that will be responsible for review of abuse of intellectual property rights into the national law enforcement agencies within the framework of the Antimonopoly Committee may be more reasonable.

"21st Century": the members of your business whether antitrust concerns about the implementation?

Jimo Man: I think our member companies do not worry about it. Because almost all of the companies have extensive global operations experience. Conduct their business has been proven to meet the interests of consumers in most countries, has withstood the test of the legal system in many countries. Therefore, we believe our business conduct is regulated.

Of course, we are very concerned about the legal obligations under anti-monopoly law in China and Europe and the United States by different laws, whether, if so, then we do need to change some of the traditional business behavior.

China Anti-Monopoly Committee the following three agencies have overlapping functions, Therefore, in the initial stages of operational problems may occur.

Before making any decisions

Set system goals of management status

A Holdings Co., Ltd. (referred to as "A Company") is a large state-owned assets XXX City management company. The company's "15" period to complete the overall transformation, the establishment of a competitive advantage. "Eleventh Five-Year" period, A company plans to introduce strategic investors, the implementation of joint-stock reform, industrial restructuring efforts, focus on key industry advantages in natural resources, timely withdrawal does not have the market competitiveness of the industry, so that there is, do certain things. However, with competition growing and constantly expanding business scale, A company's existing budget management system to meet internal management and control, response to market competition stretched. Management recognized that to achieve the "Eleventh Five-Year" strategic planning vision, improve the management level, the establishment of a "tailored" the comprehensive budget management system is urgent. In this situation, the first management company, analyzed the current situation:

1. 2 architecture, multi-level management of the organizational model

"15" period, A company's successful restructuring of equity stripping and secondary industry, and gradually formed a two-stage architecture, multi-level management and organization. That is based on the two subsidiary strategy, large amounts of direct investment and financing decision-making management and operational analysis through regular meetings will be two operating subsidiaries, to guide and control. Two subsidiary responsible for themselves and their subordinate units in operation and management. This relationship led to the budget shares organizational system can not reflect the company's industry A section on development.

2. Decentralized accounting and reporting system

A company by the affiliated companies to submit financial statements required by headquarters on a regular basis, then by the accounting entity accounting separately in the same industry, different entities of the accounting system and information system was not uniform.

3. Budget management system can not meet the requirements of the development strategy

Before the project, A company has not yet formed a standardized budget management system. According to the requirements of the SAC the city, A company organized in the various subsidiary companies budgetary planning and reporting, however, this budget is mainly applied to outside investors, the lack of internal management and decision support and operational guidance. Performance appraisal objectives and the implementation of the management responsibilities to operations subject to the book, the budget goal-oriented control weakened.

4. The lack of an effective budget tool

A company's original budget using EXCEL, a spreadsheet as a tool for budget analysis and its access control function is weak, there is the following defects or deficiencies: (1) difficult to effectively coordinate and manage the budget for the unit to participate in the budget; (2) can not be a matter of control; (3) the workload budget; (4) difficulties in multi-angle, flexible, three-dimensional reflect the data; (5) formula set complex, error-prone, confusing sets of data.

In the current situation based on the analysis, combined with "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" Vision, A comprehensive budget management system for companies to implement the objectives were set:

? Improve the corporate governance structure;

? For centralized financial management, accounting system to promote the unity and perfection;

? A management control system, an important part;

? Implementation of the budget software, to achieve seamless integration of information systems and improve data efficiency.

Implementation of targeted ideas

As both a comprehensive budget management planning, coordination, motivation, evaluation, organizational learning and other functions, and thus become a modern enterprise management and control of the main methods. However, within the company, a comprehensive budget management system of secret key management is not a panacea, it should be with the company's strategic planning, performance management systems to form an organic interaction. To this end, A comprehensive budget management system in the design process, adhere to and reflect the following design ideas:

1. Strategic planning, comprehensive budget and performance management, management of closed-loop interact

In business management, strategic planning, comprehensive budget and performance management are inseparable organic whole, the three form a closed loop (see Figure 1). Only three of the efficient interaction of the enterprise to achieve the strategic objectives, the budget played an important role in connecting link.






Figure 1, strategic planning, overall budget, to form a closed-loop performance management

2. And the control group pattern matching, a comprehensive budget management model developed in two phases

Combined with the company's development strategy, A company is the investment management structure to manage both operations management and operation features of the hybrid structure development. Group on the control plates of different industries to varying degrees: the implementation of priority development of industry and close control of the operation managed with strong features; on nurturing the development of industry, appropriate and timely development of industries out of industries, the operation managed more prominent features. Therefore, in mixed mode to fully consider the future development trend, so that the comprehensive budget management system has good continuity and scalability based on, A company that at the present stage can be used wholly and holding subsidiary classification management (operations management) control mode, with the company's organizational model A development and management tools to gradually mature, and then gradually transition to the close management of hierarchical management and the combination of hybrid control mode.

(1) in the current period, A company should adopt a comprehensive budget management at different levels (see Figure 2).

Group holding company headquarters is responsible for overall strategic planning, strategic objectives and the determination of the annual operating plan; two units of a major investment and financing the budget approval and the balance of key indicators, the Group summary of the budget, direction and supervision of two corporate budget management; approval major budget adjustment applications.

Two companies under the Group's overall strategic guidance to determine the strategic action plan and annual operating plans; issued under the Group's strategy to target the specific preparation of operating budget; implementation of the Group's budget approval; mandate in the group to process budget adjustments; accepted in the Budget Management Group guidance.

(2) In the next 2-5 years, the gradual transition to management at different levels and close management of mixed-mode combination.

In the mixed management model, A corporate headquarters priority to the development industry to gradually strengthen the management, production, sales and other business activities related to major decision-making into the group control area and formed a management mode; still used in other industries management at different levels, to form the hierarchical management and close management of the combination of hybrid management model.






Figure 2 A comprehensive budget classification management company

3. Through a comprehensive budget management system to Advance Financial Management Group, a comprehensive upgrade

Comprehensive budget management to group strategy-oriented, can unify the two subsidiary headquarters and financial management objectives, to promote the group in coordination; overall budget also co-ordinating the deployment of resources, balance the investment and financing plan within the Group to ensure that the Group financial healthy development; the same time, to ensure that resources allocated to the best priority in creating value for shareholders, increasing return on investment. Headquarters and the focus of two holding companies of the full budget in a unified platform for the preparation of information systems, and promote the Group's internal financial accounting and reporting system of unity.

4. To establish a system by the combination of budget information system

A decision of the company's two-tier management strategic decision-making at headquarters and subsidiaries operating decision-making needed information in detail the extent and angle differences. Therefore, the budget system should not only be from the industry, product categories, customers and suppliers by providing a summary of the budget of different data management to meet the information needs of the Group headquarters, but also to combine the sales of various subsidiaries of different policies, supply chain management, cost accounting requirements, to meet the subsidiary departments of the budget preparation and analysis needs. At the same time, the system needs to have good scalability to meet the company's management development. To improve the efficiency of budget preparation and analysis, to reduce duplication, the budget system but also with other information systems (ERP or financial system) to achieve seamless integration, to maximize information sharing.

Implementation of Budget Management Information

In the established ideas, we first budget A's organization and processes necessary to sort out and adjust, set up to build a budget from the target, then budget control and analysis of the budget system. On this basis, for the implementation of information technology.






Figure 3 A company's overall budget management system

1. Budget management organization and processes comb

A company's budget management system, including budget preparation, implementation and feedback on the three main parts. Which, by the establishment of budget targets, business plans and budgeting constitute the three links; budget monitoring and budget execution in parallel; through budget analysis and reporting of budget performance feedback information for the revised budget targets, business plans and management methods. Budget preparation, implementation and feedback form a mutually reinforcing closed loop (see Figure 3).

Budgeting to strategic planning to guide the group. Before you start the budget-setting, coping strategies, planning and implementation of the strategy is reviewed and adjusted to ensure that strategic objectives, plans and budgeting and the basis for correct guidance.






Figure 4, the budget development process

Budget development is a key part of overall budget management, including the establishment of goals, develop operating plans and budget of three activities. There is interdependence among the three, the relationship between interaction, and sometimes need to repeatedly cycle through (see Figure 4). Figure 5 reflects the budget statements of the subsidiaries and group relations system.






Figure 5 Group budget report system

A holding company headquarters and two subsidiaries of control in different ways. A corporate headquarters of major projects focused on pre-approval, post hoc analysis, control and audit monitoring. The two subsidiaries of the things in the budget implementation monitoring.

The basic range of budget analysis of the contents of the budget report. A company has confirmed the importance of differences in standards, the importance of standards to the content focus of the budget report. Meanwhile, the budget also clearly involved in the various departments of internal and external information gathering and budget analysis functions. Through several levels, from top to bottom as the way to ensure that all levels of managers to obtain the needed information.

Budget analysis report is a summary of budget implementation, but also to adjust the budget, operating plans or make proposals for action to improve the program. In the budget analysis report will be the main responsibility for overall implementation of the budget, significant differences, differences in the causes and improving the proposals in detail.

Budget adjustments into the budget adjustments and budget adjustment of goals. A target company's strict control on the budget adjustments. As a result of changes in the business environment is really necessary adjustments must meet strict approval procedures. Scroll through the preparation of the budget the budget adjustment manner. Quarterly rolling budget preparation, to increase the budget guide to action.

Overall budget target identification, implementation and performance evaluation and control measures need to combine in order to give full play to its goals the role of management and process control. On the other hand, the budget also provides for the performance evaluation based on measurable. Therefore, the budget targets is an important part of performance appraisal. Meanwhile, the budget is also a group of performance management performance assessment need to focus on one aspect.

2. Selection and Design

Combined with the needs of budget management system, A software company on the budget functions were clear:

? Multi-angle, flexible display data;

? Rigorous, flexible access control so that the effective participation of the entire organization's budget management platform;

? Powerful model of financial intelligence and analysis, simple set formula;

? Flexibility to create management reports;

? Able to achieve the financial or business system interfaces;

? Support flexible budgets, rolling budgeting.

鍏ㄩ潰 budget management applications 璁捐 inherits Wan Zheng, practical, Wen Ding, scalable, Anquan, advanced, Kai Fang, Jing Ji overall design principles. Control system with the company match, the project team designed a two-tier management, multiple sets of application software application model. Two sets of application mode design allows A corporate headquarters and subsidiaries and between subsidiaries have maintained the relative independence of the budget to meet the needs of different individuals, but also to build a unified platform that enables a consistent budget management nature, the units can be standardized and unified under the guidance of full participation in budget management.

3. Configuration

A subsidiary of the company headquarters and the system configuration is based on the program, give full consideration to the individual company's business, it is necessary to meet the budget of each subsidiary based on the standard requirements (ie, the basis of the budget report submitted to the request), also To meet the needs of its subsidiaries in the sales policy, the production cycle, scheduling methods, cost accounting, supply chain management, investment and financing decision-making, and many other operating characteristics. A whole group of companies established headquarters not only meet the standard requirements, but also guide the budget of each subsidiary of specific operating system.

Another feature is the configuration of all points, the classification of subsidiaries aggregated budget data. Sub, a subsidiary of data through tools into the budget A software company's headquarters in order to achieve the Group's integration of data between headquarters and subsidiaries, what they want the budget management objectives. Therefore, the application of a unified budget for the software, A corporate headquarters can not only view the aggregate data, you can also separately view a specific budget for each unit of data to understand the specific business trends, obtain specific decision support information.

4. Integration

HAL software tool that comes with the completion of the budget system and other information systems integration. The tool has an intuitive graphical user interface, just a simple drag and drop, can be the butt of data. At present, the docking has been achieved not only the actual accounting system UFIDA, Kingdee, gold abacus and other mainstream software, including A self-developed corporate ERP and MRPII systems.

HAL tool interface program can generate executable file. Adoption of the budget custom software menu interface program articulated in the budget for the software menu. End-users can automatically access the menu by clicking the actual data can also be set cycle automatically by the system on a regular basis to obtain the data. Budget system and the actual operating system, seamless integration, data collection efficiency greatly improved.

5. System Development

A model taking into account the future development of company management, A company's budget system has flexible scalability. Gradual transformation in the group management model for the both operations management and Yunzuo management characteristics of the Hybrid models O'clock, Group Keqiang into Jinmi level management of the enterprise budget Moxingpeizhi system into the headquarters of the budget Ying Yong Zhong, Conger Geng timely, detailed De master budget preparation and implementation, to improve decision-making efficiency.

Case Reference

As a diversified development of large enterprise groups, A company has extensive experience in budget management reference.

First, the complexity of enterprise groups, forms of organization, budget management system design requires a full analysis on the basis of group strategy, combined with group organization model. To give full play to the role of information systems to deal with the current organizational structure and process necessary adjustments.

Secondly, the need to consider the information needs of different management levels. System by the combination of the budget model will ensure the unity of the Group on the budget requirements and specifications to meet the information requirements of strategic decision-making; and retain the subsidiary's individual budget model designed to meet the operational management needs.

Third, the overall budget management system requires both the development consistent with the Group management situation and the need to guide management improvement. Budget reporting and analysis system design, one need to consider management's current management needs and means, on the other hand also need to give full play to the budget system as a management control tool, lead management improved.

Fourth, the system selection needs to take into account the difference subsidiary of applications, select the versatile, easy to integrate with different systems, with flexible information extraction and query capabilities of the software. Meanwhile, with the excavation depth analysis of the data management requirements of the enhanced choice of software should be in data analysis, display and warning has scalability or match, mature analysis tools can be necessary to achieve timely development and upgrade.







相关链接:



Drake Ringtones Over Ringtone By Drake



Blog: Beware of the computer in the city's "hidden rules"



A New Generation Of Master Screenshot Captor Screenshot



ASPECT-ORIENTED (AOP) and object-oriented (OOP) [1]



Infomation Components And Libraries



7 Steps To escort your USB device



Emacs is a belief! Introduced the world's most powerful editor



CNNIC proposes to amend the terms of promoting open to individuals, CN domain name registration



AVI to FLV



Only store is not enough



TS to WMV



MPG To DivX



Review Dial Up And Connection Tools



Zhang Chengdong: 3G "licenses" after



My performance gone?

BT has been closed, we see what?

Used to download movies to see the users, the latest face "Duandun" crisis: "BT China" in jail, long a bird to be transformed, and is vividly called "eMule" the VeryCD suddenly could not open the ... ...

The site is closed first, because they do not have administrative permission, further view, they are more widespread piracy was criticized by the industry. Industry to a large number of these free BT web site traffic as "industrial waste", because all of their content direct to steal from.

With the resurgence of the copyright for their rights awareness and increasingly stringent government regulation, BT and other video sharing download model found to depend on the policy gap "gray space" growth plan be completely aborted. After continuing this year, industry-wide anti-piracy activities, BT industry has been severe standards in governance is an inevitable trend.

From a positive sense, "BT-China" closure, greatly encouraged by the insistence on the legitimate operation of the video film and television drama website. Watch for music, for example, nearly a week, traffic and the number of registered users has increased dramatically.

There is no free lunch, low-cost model will ultimately decline piracy, we would have expected this. From its inception, the music network on the stick Genuine line of royalty and the overall operating costs of the 1 / 3 or more, sometimes a single TV show put on over 1 million yuan of copyright over. But then the difficulties we have not given up because of short-term interests of the genuine strategy, because the video sites around the copyright issue is the key to success.

China are pirated lessons, but on the international market we learn from. Hulu website leading U.S. network TV advertising revenue in the first half of this year about 75 million U.S. dollars, accounting for U.S. video ad market share of nearly 20%, while the flow rate is almost 10 times the Youtube site of its still huge loss. Analysis pointed out, Hulu share of advertising revenue share is much higher than the user, which indicates that advertisers are increasingly alienated from the user original content-based video sharing websites, instead of genuine popular online video platform. Hulu's success in the United States, is considered the traditional date, television, film industry to the Internet, the most successful case of integration.

Domestic video sites have been exploring their own profit model, both the video sharing or video search, so far have not been widely recognized. Recent years, the continuous video site copyright dispute has even pushed the air waves, the determination of reasonable profit model becomes more important. Hulu is actually a successful example for reference. Adhere to genuine advertising strategy to attract more precise, is the road to profitability. Despite the huge flow of the Youtube, but the content quality are not guaranteed to advertisers who are willing to vote in such a website? Not to mention those pirated site. For advertisers terms, BT only the value of the site traffic, BT site CPM advertising (cost per thousand impressions) or even much lower than market pricing spam traffic.

Video site not only profitable power, more regulatory pressure. This year, the domestic video sites lawsuits continue, the government's attention and supervision, in some insist on legitimate websites, driven by the video industry in China will be more robust. I believe no one pirated video sites can be successful in the market.







Recommended links:



Make a IPhunter



Taste of fresh raw BPM help Concubine Yang Lai



VOB to Zune



Matroska to MP4



BUILT-IN objects of the JSP in a brief overview



Qi Cheng white-collar workers willing to work part-time outside the "private activities"



"Martian" Builder - Mars Pinyin Input Method



Evaluate Web SERVERS



Wizard Encryption Tools



COLUMN to add or modify the rules



CSS Syntax Guide (1) font properties



China Unicom confirmed that iPhone talks progress



how to trace a mobile phone for free



ASF converter



Compare Anti-Virus Tools



Guide Audio Speech

Trace to its source: Do not forget the quality of the

Sometimes, several people in the discussion of a topic, because one of them suddenly remembered something else, or another one joined in, more and more intense discussions, we no less interest, but the content of the discussion farther and farther away from the subject to start later forget what topic to discuss. Such circumstances, we may have encountered. If it is small talk, they do no harm. If this is to solve the problem, it will waste time, do not achieve their goals.

Practical in our work, there are also such a phenomenon. For example, the software testing is to find defects, whether Review PRD / Spec, design test plan, or a test case design, Test automation, are all for that purpose. "Discovered defects" is software testing this, we are doing testing work of, you can not forget this fundamental. Sometimes, when we are doing test automation, prone to "forgetting" things. This happens, nothing more than the following reasons:

Beginning do not know the purpose of test automation, but for the automation of automation.

In the automation development process, gradually forget the original vision and goals, while the technology more and more worship, more and more deeply into the technical pursuit of the framework, the pursuit of the current popular technologies, etc., results, and not solve the problem. Or say that's a simple way to be able to solve problems, they spent several times the effort to achieve.

The pursuit of pure digital things, for example, has been looking at how many test cases have been automated, but what the test results are reliable guarantees, but do not know. Sometimes, that VP has risk, but not to solve, also lose their identity thing.

Therefore, when doing testing, always remind yourself the following:

Test is to find defects as early as possible, as much as possible the discovery of defects.

Technology to do things that do not worship, but to firmly grasp the target, be brief and effective, more effective, will not achieve much in the way you want to use.

In the course of the implementation of test automation, quality, or this, must not quality for automation. The basis of test automation or test cases, test tools, after all, tools, testing tools do not think 70% of the defects or the need for wisdom and reflection.

Policy: quality first, tools supplement; tool first, human progeny

The face of any one test task, the first order to how effective way to complete the test, which can use test tools that can automate the place, to automate as much as possible.

Implemented, were the deciding factor is always around the "quality" of the center, constantly thinking, constantly improving the test strategy and methods to continuously improve the test case coverage.

Another corroboration - Motorola story. Motorola's strategy, the most complete failure of the case is the so-called global Iridium program is that technology is far beyond the big market demand, can be interpreted as failure of super-technology strategy; now motorized mobile phone business with the other being a failure , is the technology away from the market needs, can be interpreted as abandoning technology strategy failed. Is a Chinese popular saying, "Success Xiao He, Xiao He also defeated," and this 2000 years ago during the famous battle between Chu and Han, can be used to explain the success or failure of today's cases around the world. Motorola's success is because of the times in technology to create a mobile phone is the era of human communication come from a limited wireless network era radical change in the way of human communication, and become the leader in the wireless market, has become an absolute leader . Unfortunately, too often successful always like to play "cast aside the bow once the birds are gone," the game, the market made up, they forget their most successful strategies and core strengths.









Recommended links:



Dwell on a Few major legal risks IDC



"Torch Light," Master-class Value Attached To Vocational Skills Learned Over



Baidu to "PPC" rectification And apology



Easy Kids Education



Zhang Lijun: Hundred Days made HUNDREDS of millions of wealth



Simple Network And Internet



The basic concepts of remote sensing



The Samsung S5620 Monte Smarter Than Many



MATROSKA to MPEG



YouTube to WMV



AVI to MKV



Articles about Games Arcade



"Mount & Blade" combat experience



How to Motivate staff teams



Flash MX features tours of the three



"Rise" Magician / Swordsman Bred Guide

Mail to a BlackBerry version is still up? BlackBerry users Blessed!

The so-called Blackberry (Blackberry), RIM is launched by the Canadian e-mail system of a mobile terminal, combines the functions of mobile phones. Its use of a standard English QWERTY keyboard, looks like the surface of capsules of strawberry seeds, so the name "BlackBerry."

9.11 quickly swept Europe and the United States after the BlackBerry. While the BlackBerry's this trend also for China's mobile player s heart, but the BlackBerry has not been in China before the sale until early 2005, only part of the domestic mobile phone players begin bold "taste" blackberry "flavor."

Blackberry mobile phone products so much, rather more like a function call with Shangwutong or Pocket PC. New concept of a full keyboard, large screen, to get used to the traditional mobile phone users unique experience. Using the BlackBerry, users can easily manage schedules, tasks, business uses the phone to the limit. BlackBerry standby time is long, call quality, faster operating system, scalability features and more ... ... the many benefits that are mobile phone users really value.

In fact, BlackBerry mobile phone prices in the Chinese market is far lower than other brands, most models are only tens of dollars, and all high-end business phone BlackBerry impression different from the image. Soon, with the word of mouth, BlackBerry, with its unique shape, practical features, low price, quickly attracted a large number of players pursuing personal and stylish mobile phone, and more and more business users plan to buy BlackBerry instead of expensive smart phones. However, while many users in China has been playing on the BlackBerry, but can not use the real Push Mail has been the heart of China's BlackBerry users the pain.

Little Knowledge: BlackBerry profound meaning lies in the enormous power of the e-mail Push feature, which can be the first time as the message delivered as text messages on your phone, you do not need to worry about the mail is another day a new message.

Until the end of 2006, RIM and China Mobile to reach a cooperation agreement, the BlackBerry e-mail business before entering China. At that time I considered using Blackberry, but if not buy an expensive Blackberry mobile phone, simply can not do this business. And now China Mobile's BlackBerry service is only open to businesses, also called mail system must be Lotus Notes, Microsoft Exchange or GroupWise (Oh ~ this is too busy not meet the conditions of), then the flow of information each month monthly fee is 398 / 598RMB (really is the leader in monopoly industries) ... ...

Luckily, "Shang-mail," the emergence of domestic Push Mail service has brought a ray of hope. This guy not only supports almost all major mobile platforms (500 variety of mobile phones), e-mail systems, mobile networks (including future 3G), but also a free service (of course, GPRS traffic charges for the boss to move, but the monthly 5 yuan's package is enough). Thus no need to replace expensive BlackBerry, you can bind multiple email accounts, public network mail, business mail can be. By the way, still-mail is expected to become the first perfect support for BlackBerry's Push Mail software.

Click here to download the still-mail the local high-speed 4.1

Right here make a brief introduction: Post different from ordinary phone still comes with e-mail function, as long as you have new e-mail messages, it will first take the initiative to send messages to your cell phone, rather like a cell phone set E-mail, need to check themselves regularly, do not worry about missing the mail all the problems. (In fact, May has not yet leaked beta version of BlackBerry email, but it was officially a "need to continue to improve" time to recover the ground it took caught a BlackBerry user's appetite.)

Basically, I can think of some features of the Push Mail has a:

* Can choose to receive e-mail form (title / headline, text / title text with attachments)

* Supports all formats of the attachments (of course depends on your phone or not to support that format)

鈥?You can set the message reception time (so do not always let their friends in a working state)

Can be set to black / white list (no charge / charge only an email address of the message)

鈥?Support for contact and calendar sync ... ...

Registration form is also quite easy, yet Post Web site and mobile client can be registered. Smooth or seamless automatic upgrades. If you encounter any problems, call customer service calls can be answered.

The 4.0 version, I used nearly a week, found that not only the user interface more attractive, functional design of more humane, it has added three highlights: Mail Portal, PIM synchronization, RSS subscriptions.

Mail Portal: the e-mail gateway. Post's website will still provide the user mailbox door, use your mobile phone number registered login, you can collect all your online e-mail (the mailbox has been bound yet-mail account). To put it bluntly, yet postal mail Portal on the Internet is your outlook.

Synchronization: the personal information management synchronization. Mail can still manage contacts, calendar, tasks and other personal information, and supports two-way synchronization client and server, you can still view the Post's Web site PIM information, but also on the site import / export contact list.

Subscribe: Subscribe to the information management. I surely do not introduce everyone to understand it, currently support user-defined subscription email Post a monk recommend subscriptions, from your cell phone will be able to see the essence of the content of websites of interest.

Overall, 4.0 is still the original e-mail send and receive email based on some very useful added features are also forward-looking. Hope that the Post is still getting better, as tailored for the Chinese Push Mail.







相关链接:



DV to AVI



VOB to FLV



Was brilliant: Ten-man WEAPON crack revealed inside story of classical



DAT to MPEG



Astronomy Specialist



What rod DEALER outlets



Do not let your single into a disturbance With



New Economy Weekly cover story: the role of Angel Zhou HONGYI and more



Catalogs Audio CD Players



Best TRACE And Ping Tools



site testing Should test and how to test which



L'Oreal Portrait Of "Edgar" Human Resources Together To Create



CEO? Does not change the financial style, the class!



Premier Clocks And Alarms



Breakthrough Nuggets Baidu Baidu PPC Union



e-cology in the Pan Micro Series 54

Wei Zhe: Interpretation of the four key words Alibaba 2008

At 10 o'clock on the 7 May, Ma, and from the shareholders of Alibaba, internal staff, media, 300 people attended a "Buffett-style" general meeting of shareholders. Among them, including 50 University of Hong Kong undergraduates.

Alibaba CEO Wei Zhe speech at the shareholders meeting, said there are four key words to help tide over the difficulties Alibaba in 2008, the four key words: the first is the vision; second is optimistic; third is courage; s Fourth, be patient.

Following is the speech by David Wei:

Wei Zhe: Members Alibaba employees, you Alibaba's customers, Ladies and Gentlemen, Good morning! The first time last year, when shareholders meet, we expect that as a young company Alibaba, as a younger market listed companies After the first year will be very difficult, but we also do not think since the last meeting later become so difficult, both for me personally, for our team, our company also believe that most of today guests, shareholders, customers have experienced a very memorable, very difficult times. This year I think there are four key words to help us through the difficulties of 2008, these four key words: the first is the vision; second is optimistic; third is courage; Fourth, be patient. I will one by one and all shareholders, the guests share behind every word we learned in 2008 and the years to do.

First of all, the first word is vision. I thank our Board of Directors, our Chairman of the Board, from their perspective, the economy is very hot when we could be world's first shouted "economic winter is coming," the company, because we see the back of an overheated economy , whether the capital market the stock market, real estate market, or bulk raw materials, in February last year, we repeated the economic crisis of the coming winter will be bear the brunt of the impact will be China's foreign trade will be small in China and around the world enterprise. This is our vision to see that others no see risk. The second part of our vision to see, including people in crisis has not seen the opportunity to see the future after a crisis, that is, we firmly believe that with the advent of the crisis can just e-commerce, can represent the online B2B International trade, the domestic gains from trade more people to accept, we believe that the Buyer the economic crisis will be more necessary and efficient procurement methods, will enable the procurement of additional e-commerce had become the mainstream of their purchasing behavior, this is our vision Suo see.

The following shareholders and guests please read my first paragraph today to prepare for you the video, we take a look at a typical buyers from Western Europe and the United States is how the economic crisis were more aware of the e-commerce can not only help him purchase, and can to help him do sales, we see the big screen.

(Video)

Although this video last Alibaba taxis in Hong Kong ended, but we reiterate that we do not wish to enter into a taxi in this very competitive industry. This video reflects the increase in the last three quarters of our new 300 million overseas members of the community, to date we have members all over the world, from birth to now a total of ten years Alibaba total of 8.6 million, 8.6 million of 3 million actually started from the financial crisis, one-time explosion in the third quarter last year, there is a start both the third quarter of last year's 30 million U.S. dollars of overseas campaign to bring results, but more fundamentally in crisis increasingly more global SMEs more aware of the e-commerce can become reason to help them through the winter. This is the first part I want to say look, we see not only other people did not see the danger, but saw no one else saw the opportunity not only to see a more well prepared for action.

Often a time when such vision will bring out the second key word, "optimistic" that some people may be a little more pessimistic, think what will happen next week, when you see the future when the vision will become more optimistic Our optimism comes from the confidence of the Chinese economy. Over the past quarter GDP growth in China has just over 6%, this is the lowest in recent years, a quarter of GDP growth, but it is the world's best performance, we believe the Chinese economy will in this crisis not only defensive, also the first country out of crisis. We have confidence in electronic commerce on the Internet, because we do not throw away our confidence in the economic crisis, the computer re-took the pen and paper business, and re-took the abacus to do business, we have confidence in their team because the team went through SARS, experience The last round of the Internet bubble, we have experienced a lot of disasters, based on the confidence of our more optimistic, but optimism should take action.

The third action requires a very important key words "courage" is courage in a crisis before the arrival of more action to prepare for the crisis, we in the first quarter of last year to 7 years to no change in sales and had Alibaba service system moving a lot of surgery, frankly said to have aroused a lot of capital market analysts questioned why only three months after listing on doing such a large operation, also does business at that time had some negative impact, but We firmly believe that if no such group restructuring will be difficult to introduce new products, new services to adapt to the coming economic winter.

In the last year in July, our second anthem "Winter is coming," Mr. Ma Yun, chairman we write an article while in winter we do a good job preparing the new products, the preparation is aware of the economic crisis, the first tsunami wave will impact China's exports, we do first is to prepare the face of China's export enterprises to create a new product, and in order to allow more affordable access to e-commerce companies, drastically reducing the barrier to entry of membership fees. It takes courage to make our entry fees down from 50,000 yuan to adjust 60% 19,800 yuan. But this is not simply changes in prices, more is our 6-month product development through product re-exports to hit a new product system resulted in the most difficult times in the most reasonable and most competitive price to our customers. Here we ask our shareholders and guests look at a video, this video will tell you that from October 1 last year, what kind of products to help China's export enterprises, what kind of products to help our customers, but also indirectly help about our company, see the big screen.

(Video)

The exports through product launch in November last year after a net increase in the fourth quarter of our exports more than 12,000 members, precisely in November is nearly 7 years since the first time negative growth of foreign trade, to the end of last year paid membership to our export probably from China about 43,000, which more than 40,000 in the first 10 000 Alibaba spent three and a half, the second 10,000 spent two and a half, and the third one 10 000 spent a year and a half, three and a half, two and a half and one and a half, the fourth launch of the product and we have 10,000 spent only a month's time, and this trend is maintained. Yesterday we announced first quarter 2009 results, we know that one quarter of negative growth in 20% of China's foreign trade, just a quarter of Alibaba in this fifth member to achieve exports of 10 000 and achieved the largest single quarter ever growing customers to our shareholders to see is the growth of paying customers, but Alibaba is more nearly 50,000 small and medium enterprises. The use of e-commerce, in finding a new channel to help them through the winter. From the research perspective and do not use e-commerce for SMEs, with a survival rate of e-commerce will be 2 times higher than the whole, the 50 000 enterprises will be higher than the survival of businesses not using e-commerce business more than 5 times. We have the courage to make changes we have made has paid off, when we expect the impact of foreign trade, when the first round of exports through product launch, we realized that China's economy will be more dependent on domestic demand driven, so the first quarter of this year 2 integrity through the month on the products we had to upgrade, and this upgrade is the preparation began in November last year. We say that our aid program is a combination of boxing in winter, well after the first punch, boxing has prepared the second, integrity through the escalation of this year, concentrated in the integrity of mobile communications and display functions, these upgraded features also caused a quarter received strong support and trade customers. Quarterly Bulletin in response to the first quarter we started to invest, invest in our customers, employees and technology. The first quarter of this year compared to the first quarter of last year, we spend 6% of operating income for the marketing and promotion, we spend 2% of product research and development costs for the development of such exports pass, similar to the mobile version of faith-pass, similar to the beginning Japan achieved through a similar announcement the day before yesterday to upgrade the international credibility through the international version for global suppliers, this is our commitment.

The fourth key word is "patience." Equity investors in China are generally not known as shareholders, as shareholders, I have been looking for the right word translated into English, we are here today to shareholders, I am particularly pleased also to participate in the General Assembly last year of old faces. As a firm, it is difficult for a shareholders, but should our shareholders, and shareholders and companies pursue long-term returns, if so, patience is essential. Why we invest in the winter? Based on our confidence, based on our vision, and also in the winter when we understand everything is cheaper to buy in the summer to buy anything expensive. So today we are 30 million U.S. dollars of promotion, are comparable to a dollar for every three dollars over the past few years, four dollars are unable to effect, we invest in technology costs less than a lot of time when the economy overheated, we know that winter investment will in the summer, autumn harvest. As shareholders are concerned, we just say 6% for marketing, 2% extra for the technology development, how we will get in return? We will return gradually in three stages:

The first stage is the rising number of customers, we learned from last year's fourth quarter and the first quarter of this year have seen, we give our shareholders and guests to see a summary of last year's performance (PPT), we do not want to repeat that, I just want to told the shareholders that we need patience, but we prove our first Jieduan effect of Ke Hu increase has brought the two Ji Duoji we Chubu the confidence and dawn, the second phase of our model is Youyu deferred revenue model, Xianshouhuiyuan Fei land and then in the next 12 months, anti-sharing charged in the accounting income, so the second phase of the growth of number of customers is bound to bring the accounting income of the rise in the next 12 months. You look at our current shareholders, in addition to how much money, you can also look at our balance sheet deferred revenue, which is loaded into our pockets, is the trust our customers put money has been paid to us, so that the second stage should see the return on investment of time. The third stage, to see return on investment from the margins of the recovery, we must first put upon return, so the third phase with the increased number of our customers, as we increase in accounting income, profit recovery is no doubt of.

銆??鑲′笢涔熷彲鑳藉緢鎷呭績杩欎笁涓樁娈甸渶瑕佸闀挎椂闂存潵瀹炵幇?鏃㈡槸鐢辨垜浠殑妯″紡鍐冲畾涔熸槸鐢辩粡娴庡ぇ鐜鍐冲畾锛屽湪杩欏効璺熷悇浣嶈偂涓滃拰鏉ュ鍙互棰勬祴鐨勬槸澶х害闇?涓夊勾銆傜涓?勾鍏虫敞瀹㈡埛鏁帮紝绗簩骞村鎴锋暟甯︽潵浼氳鏀跺叆锛岀涓夊勾浼氳鏀跺叆浼氬甫鏉ュ埄娑︾殑鍥炴敹銆傚綋鐒跺畯瑙傜粡娴庣殑涓嶇‘瀹氭?鏈夊彲鑳戒娇杩欎笁涓樁娈垫彁鍓嶏紝涔熷彲鑳戒娇杩欎笁涓樁娈电暐寰欢鍚庯紝浣嗗杩欎笁涓樁娈电殑鍥炴姤鎴戜滑鍏呮弧淇″績锛屾垜浠細鍒嗛樁娈佃鎴戜滑鐨勮偂涓滅湅鍒般?杩欐槸鎴戜滑杩囧幓涓?勾鍩轰簬鐪煎厜銆佸熀浜庝箰瑙傘?鍩轰簬鍕囨皵銆佸熀浜庤?蹇冩墍閲囧彇鐨勮鍔ㄥ拰鐪嬪埌鐨勫洖鎶ャ?

銆??杩欏洓涓叧閿瘝涓殑绗竴涓瘝鈥滅溂鍏夆?鏉ユ簮浜庡摢閲?鏉ユ簮浜庢垜浠浣垮懡鐨勫潥鎸侊紝灏辨槸甯姪鎴戜滑鐨勪腑灏忎紒涓氬鎴凤紝濡傛灉涓皬浼佷笟瀹㈡埛閮藉湪鍐ぉ涓?涓嬶紝鎴戜滑鍦ㄥ啲澶╅噷璧氬灏戦挶閮芥病鏈夋剰涔夛紝鍥犱负杩囦簡鍐ぉ鎴戜滑杩炲鎴烽兘娌℃湁浜嗭紝瀵硅偂涓滀篃璋堜笉涓婅礋璐ｃ?

銆??鏈?悗鎴戞兂浠ｈ〃鎴戞湰浜哄拰鍏ㄤ綋绠＄悊鍥㈤槦锛岄鍏堣鎰熻阿浠婂ぉ鍒板満鍜屾病鏈夊埌鍦虹殑闃块噷宸村反瀹㈡埛锛屼笉浠呮劅璋綘浠?鎷╀簡闃块噷宸村反銆侀?鎷╀簡鐢靛瓙鍟嗗姟锛屾洿鎰熻阿鍍忔偍杩欐牱鐨勪紒涓氭墍鍏峰鐨勪腑灏忎紒涓氬绮剧锛屾槸浣犱滑鐨勪笉鏂垱鏂般?涓嶅眻鏈嶆劅鏌撲簡鎴戜滑銆佹劅鏌撲簡鏁翠釜缁忔祹锛屾墍浠ユ劅璋㈡垜浠殑瀹㈡埛銆備粖澶╁埌鍦虹殑鏈夊伐浣滀汉鍛橈紝涔熸湁闃块噷宸村反鐨勫憳宸ワ紝鎵?互鎴戠浜岃鎰熻阿鎴戜滑鐨勫憳宸ャ?鎴戜滑鐨勫洟闃燂紝灏界浠栦滑寰堝勾杞伙紝浣嗗湪杩囧幓涓?勾杩欎箞澶嶆潅鑹伴毦鐨勫舰鍔夸笅鍧氬畧鎴戜滑鐨勪娇鍛斤紝闈炲父鑱屼笟銆侀潪甯告暚涓氾紝缁х画鍏呮弧婵?儏锛屾劅璋㈡垜浠殑鍛樺伐鍥㈤槦銆?br />
銆??鏈?悗涔熻鎰熻阿鎴戜滑鐨勮偂涓滐紝鎴戣寰楅?鎷╅樋閲屽反宸寸殑鑲′笢鍚屾牱鏄湁鐪煎厜锛屽悓鏍锋槸寰堜箰瑙傦紝鍚屾牱涔熼渶瑕佸叿澶囧媷姘旓紝浣嗗悓鏍蜂篃闇?鏈変竴鐐硅?蹇冿紝鎰熻阿鍚勪綅鑲′笢鐨勭溂鍏夈?涔愯銆佸媷姘斻?鑰愬績锛岃阿璋㈠ぇ瀹?







相关链接:



First conquer the head, after the conquest of pocket



What Is the trend of digital cameras



Mpeg 4 mp4



On FreeBSD5.2 Common Operations (setting) Changes



FTP Clients Storage



Competitive Intelligence, THE fourth competition



Convert m4v to mpeg



Fax Tools reviews



What Rod dealer outlets



Was brilliant: TEN-MAN weapon crack revealed inside story of classical



Qt Blackberry



Ten Problems of answers interview sample



Blackberry Format



Expert ANTI-VIRUS Tools

High-quality C + + / C Programming Guide - Chapter 3 naming

Chapter 3 naming
More well-known naming convention when push Microsoft's "Hungarian" method, the main idea of naming is "variable and function names to add a prefix to increase people's understanding of the program." For example, all of the character variable ch are prefixed, if the pointer variable is an additional prefix p. If a variable from the ppch beginning, it indicates that it is pointing to character pointer.

"Hungary," the biggest drawback is cumbersome methods, such as

int i, j, k;

float x, y, z;

If a "Hungarian" naming convention, it should be written as

int iI, iJ, ik; / / prefix i said int type

float fX, fY, fZ; / / prefix that float type f

Such a cumbersome process makes most programmers can not stand.

According to investigation, without a naming convention can be agreed with all of the programmers, programming textbooks generally do not specify the naming rules. Naming rules for software products, not "as vital to the success of" things, we should not of too much energy trying to invent the world's best naming rules, most of the projects should be developed that makes the satisfaction of naming the members and project implementation.

3.1 Common rules
This section discusses the common rule is adopted by most programmers, we should follow these common rules in the premise, and then expand the specific rules, such as 3.2.

Rule 3-1-1銆?銆恑dentifier should be intuitive and can pronounce, is expected to know Italian culture, not a "decoding."

Identifier or combination of the best words in English, easy to remember and read. Never use Hanyu Pinyin to name. Program in the English words are generally not too complex words should be accurate. For example, not to CurrentValue written NowValue.

3-1-2銆?銆恟ule identifier length shall conform to the "min-length & & max-information" principle.

ANSI C provides a few decades ago the old name are not allowed more than six characters, today's C + + / C no longer have this limitation. In general, the long name to better express the meaning, so the function name, variable name, class name, up to a dozen characters is not surprising. Then the name is more about good? Not necessarily! Such as variable names maxval useful than the maxValueUntilOverflow. One character's name is also useful, common, such as i, j, k, m, n, x, y, z, etc., they are usually used as local variables within the function.

Rule 3-1-3銆?銆恘aming rules as far as possible with the development tools used by the operating system or the style consistent.

For example Windows application identifier is usually a "case" mixed up approaches, such as AddChild. The Unix application identifier is usually a "lower case underlined" approach, such as add_child. Do not mix these two styles to use.

Rule 3-1-4銆?銆恜rocedures alone do not appear similar to the identifier case sensitive.

For example:

int x, X; / / variable x and X confused

void foo (int x); / / function foo and FOO confused

void FOO (float x);

Rule 3-1-5銆?銆恜rocess identifiers do not appear exactly the same local variables and global variables, although the scope of different grammatical error does not occur, but misleading.

Rule 3-1-6銆?銆恦ariable's name should use the "term" or "adjective + noun."

For example:

float value;

float oldValue;

float newValue;

Rule 3-1-7銆?銆恎lobal function's name should use the "verb" or "verb + noun" (verb phrase). Class member functions should only use the "verb", was omitted term is the object itself.

For example:

DrawBox (); / / global function

box-> Draw (); / / class member function

Rule 3-1-8銆?銆恛pposite of group names with the correct meaning of the variables with mutually exclusive or opposite action it creates.

For example:

int minValue;

int maxValue;

int SetValue (...);

int GetValue (...);


2 3-1-1銆?銆恜roposed name to avoid appearing with figures such as Value1, Value2, etc., unless the logic does need number. This is to prevent programmers lazy, unwilling to use their brains and lead to meaningless naming names (because least resistance with the figures).

3.2 a simple Windows application naming
Of the "Hungarian" naming convention to do a reasonable simplification, the following naming rules are simple to use, more suitable for the development of Windows application software.

Rule 3-2-1銆?銆恈lass name and function name in capital letters at the beginning of the word combination.

For example:

class Node; / / class name

class LeafNode; / / class name

void Draw (void); / / function name

void SetValue (int value); / / function name

Rule 3-2-2銆?銆恦ariables and parameters of words beginning with a lowercase letter combination.

For example:

BOOflag;

int drawMode;

Rule 3-2-3銆?銆恈onstant use all capital letters, with underscores to separate words.

For example:

const int MAX = 100;

const int MAX_LENGTH = 100;


Rule 3-2-4銆?銆恠tatic variables prefixed s_ (that static).

For example:

void Init (...)

(

static int s_initValue; / / static variables

...

)

Rule 3-2-5銆?銆恘eed a global variable if no alternative, then the so global variables prefixed g_ (that global).

For example:

int g_howManyPeople; / / global variable

int g_howMuchMoney; / / global variable


Rule 3-2-6銆?銆恈lass data members plus the prefix m_ (that member), so avoid data members and member functions of the parameters of the same name.

For example:

void Object:: SetValue (int width, int height)

(

m_width = width;

m_height = height;

)

Rule 3-2-7銆?銆恆 software library in order to prevent some of the identifiers and other software libraries in the conflict, for a variety of identifiers with the prefix to reflect the nature of the software. For example, all three-dimensional graphics standard OpenGL library functions are gl at the beginning, all the constants (or macro definition) are GL at the beginning.

3.3 Unix applications simple naming rules







相关链接:



Five-stroke input method is not just pole



Converter mp4 to avi



what is mov



Flac to mp3 converter free



How the statistics of the time difference between the two time Points



brief E-Mail Tools



"Torch Light," the game features seven new



How to check the regional oligarchy Dealers



One after another anti-piracy noise compensation 780 000 Shenzhen Haojia Reconciliation



Zha Yufeng: build "long flight" back pillar



Teach you a trick: how to beautify MM eyebrows, eyelashes and eyes



Articles about Strategy And War GAMES



Format Ts



Easy to use Screen Capture



Flash video playback controls reversed